Opioid Receptor

Opioid receptors are a group of G protein-coupled receptors responsible for mediating the effects of opioids like morphine, and heroin, and endogenous peptides such as endorphins. These receptors are primarily located in the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. There are three main types: mu (μ), delta (δ), and kappa (κ) opioid receptors, each contributing to different physiological responses including pain relief, mood regulation, and immune response modulation. Activation of these receptors can produce analgesia, euphoria, respiratory depression, and dependence, highlighting their critical role in pain management and the potential for addiction. Due to their impact on pain and mood, they are pivotal in medical treatments and drug development.