SphK

Sphingosine kinase (SPHK) is an enzyme that plays a pivotal role in the sphingolipid signaling pathway, catalyzing the conversion of sphingosine to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). This reaction is crucial for regulating cell growth, survival, migration, and immune cell trafficking. SPHK exists mainly in two isoforms, SPHK1 and SPHK2, each having distinct tissue distributions and functions. Elevated SPHK activity and S1P levels are associated with various pathological conditions including cancer, inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases, making SPHK a significant target for therapeutic intervention. Inhibiting SPHK activity offers the potential to treat these conditions by modulating the sphingolipid signaling pathway to restore cellular balance and function.