Calcium Channel

Calcium channels are integral proteins found in the membranes of cells that facilitate the controlled movement of calcium ions (Ca²⁺) into and out of cells. These channels play crucial roles in various physiological processes, including muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, hormone secretion, and gene expression. They are particularly vital in excitable cells such as neurons and muscle cells, where they influence electrical signaling and contraction. Calcium channels are classified into several types, such as L-type, P/Q-type, N-type, R-type, and T-type, each with specific functions and locations in the body. Disruptions in calcium channel function can lead to neurological, cardiac, and muscular disorders, making them important targets for therapeutic interventions.