Drug Metabolite

A drug metabolite is a byproduct formed when a drug is metabolized or broken down in the body, primarily by enzymes such as cytochrome P450 in the liver. The transformation of drugs into metabolites is a crucial detoxification process that typically renders substances more water-soluble, facilitating their excretion through urine or feces. However, metabolites can sometimes exhibit biological activity—either therapeutic or toxic. For example, some drug metabolites retain or even enhance the therapeutic effects of the original substance, while others might cause adverse effects not seen with the parent drug. Understanding the properties of drug metabolites is essential in drug development and safety evaluations, influencing dosing regimens and the assessment of potential side effects.