Lipoxygenase

Lipoxygenase is an enzyme crucial in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly found in plants, animals, and fungi. It catalyzes the insertion of oxygen into fatty acids like linoleic and arachidonic acids, forming hydroperoxides. These hydroperoxides are pivotal intermediates in the synthesis of various biological molecules, including leukotrienes and lipoxins, which are vital in inflammatory and immune responses in humans. In plants, lipoxygenase pathways produce signaling compounds and pigments that are essential for growth and defense against pathogens. The activity of this enzyme also impacts the flavor, texture, and stability of foods, as it can catalyze the oxidation of fats, influencing food quality and preservation.