PGC-1α

PGC-1α (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha) is a transcription coactivator that plays a crucial role in regulating energy metabolism. It is highly expressed in tissues with significant energy demands, such as the heart, muscles, and brown fat. PGC-1α is pivotal in controlling mitochondrial biogenesis and function, and it also influences glucose and lipid metabolism. By activating various nuclear receptors and other transcription factors, it adapts the energy output of cells to meet changing physiological conditions. This protein is linked to several metabolic disorders, including diabetes and obesity, as well as to the health of mitochondrial function in neurodegenerative diseases. PGC-1α's modulation offers potential therapeutic pathways for these conditions.