AICAR

For research use only. Not for therapeutic Use.

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AICAR (Acadesine) is an adenosine analog and a AMPK activator. AICAR regulates the glucose and lipid metabolism, and inhibits proinflammatory cytokines and iNOS production. AICAR is also an autophagy, YAP and mitophagy inhibitor[1][2].
HepG2 cells are treated with various concentrations of AICAR (0.1-1.0 mM) for 12, 24, and 48 h, respectively. The expression level of IR-β significantly decreases with 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mM of AICAR at 48 h to 50%, 53%, and 46% of the control, respectively[1].
Fourteen-week-old male, lean (L; 31.3 g body wt) wild-type and ob/ob (O; 59.6 g body wt) mice are injected with the AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activator AICAR (A) at 0.5 mg/g per day or saline control (C) for 14 days. At 24 h after the last injection (including a 12-h fast), all mice are killed, and the plantar flexor complex muscle (gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris) is excised for analysis. Muscle mass is lower in OC (159±12 mg) than LC, LA, and OA (176±10, 178±9, and 166±16 mg, respectively) mice, independent of a body weight change[3]. The kidney weight is significantly higher in the untreated group when compared with both the exercise and AICAR (0.5 mg/g body wt) groups. The heart weight is higher in the exercise group than in the other groups, whereas the liver weight is significantly higher in the AICAR-treated group when compared with the exercise and untreated groups[4].


Catalog Number I002901
CAS Number 2627-69-2
Synonyms

5-amino-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]imidazole-4-carboxamide

Molecular Formula C9H14N4O5
Purity ≥95%
InChI InChI=1S/C9H14N4O5/c10-7-4(8(11)17)12-2-13(7)9-6(16)5(15)3(1-14)18-9/h2-3,5-6,9,14-16H,1,10H2,(H2,11,17)/t3-,5-,6-,9-/m1/s1
InChIKey RTRQQBHATOEIAF-UUOKFMHZSA-N
SMILES C1=NC(=C(N1C2C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)N)C(=O)N
Reference

[1]. Nakamaru K, et al. AICAR, an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase, down-regulates the IR expression in HepG2 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Mar 11;328(2):449-54
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[2]. Giri S, et al. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-4-ribofuranoside inhibits proinflammatory response in glial cells: a possible role of AMP-activated protein kinase. J Neurosci. 2004 Jan 14;24(2):479-87.
 [Content Brief]

[3]. Drake JC, et al. AICAR treatment for 14 days normalizes obesity-induced dysregulation of TORC1 signaling and translational capacity in fasted skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2010 Dec;299(6):R1546-54.
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[4]. Pold R, et al. Long-term AICAR administration and exercise prevents diabetes in ZDF rats.Diabetes. 2005 Apr;54(4):928-34.
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[5]. Ajaybabu V Pobbati, et al. A combat with the YAP/TAZ-TEAD oncoproteins for cancer therapy. Theranostics. 2020 Feb 18;10(8):3622-3635.
 [Content Brief]

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