Amifostine trihydrate

• CAT Number: I002179
• CAS Number: 112901-68-5
• Molecular Formula: C5H21N2O6PS
• Molecular Weight: 268.27
• Purity: ≥95%
• Synonyms: [2-(3-aminopropylamino)-1-sulfanylethyl] dihydrogen phosphate;trihydrate
• InChI: InChI=1S/C5H15N2O4PS.3H2O/c6-2-1-3-7-4-5(13)11-12(8,9)10;;;/h5,7,13H,1-4,6H2,(H2,8,9,10);3*1H2
• InChIKey: CMKFUVWLRVIEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• SMILES: C(CN)CNCC(OP(=O)(O)O)S.O.O.O

Amifostine trihydrate (WR2721 trihydrate) is a broad-spectrum cytoprotective agent and a radioprotector. Amifostine trihydrate selectively protects normal tissues from damage caused by radiation and chemotherapy. Amifostine trihydrate is potent hypoxia-inducible factor-α1 (HIF-α1) and p53 inducer. Amifostine trihydrate protects cells from damage by scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals. Amifostine trihydrate reduces renal toxicity and has antiangiogenic action[1][2][3][4].
Amifostine (0.78125-100 μM, 24 h) trihydrate reduces tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-induced cell damage in a dose-dependent manner and significantly reduces H9c2 cells apoptosis at a concentration of 100 μM[5].
Amifostine (i.v., 400 mg/kg, 4 h) trihydrate has a protective effect against myocardial I/R injury in male C57BL/6 mice[5].

Reference

[1]. D Maurici, et al. Amifostine (WR2721) restores transcriptional activity of specific p53 mutant proteins in a yeast functional assay. Oncogene. 2001 Jun 14;20(27):3533-40.
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[2]. Efstathia Giannopoulou, et al. Amifostine inhibits angiogenesis in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Feb;304(2):729-37.
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[3]. Michael I Koukourakis, et al. Amifostine induces anaerobic metabolism and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2004 Jan;53(1):8-14.
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[4]. John R Kouvaris, et al. Amifostine: the first selective-target and broad-spectrum radioprotector. Oncologist. 2007 Jun;12(6):738-47.
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[5]. Shao-Ze Wu, et al. Amifostine Pretreatment Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:4130824.
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