Apabetalone

• CAT Number: I000252
• CAS Number: 1044870-39-4
• Molecular Formula: C20H22N2O5
• Molecular Weight: 370.40
• Purity: ≥95%
• Synonyms: 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3,5-dimethylphenyl]-5,7-dimethoxy-3H-quinazolin-4-one
• InChI: InChI=1S/C20H22N2O5/c1-11-7-13(8-12(2)18(11)27-6-5-23)19-21-15-9-14(25-3)10-16(26-4)17(15)20(24)22-19/h7-10,23H,5-6H2,1-4H3,(H,21,22,24)
• InChIKey: NETXMUIMUZJUTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• SMILES: CC1=CC(=CC(=C1OCCO)C)C2=NC3=C(C(=CC(=C3)OC)OC)C(=O)N2

Apabetalone (RVX-208) is an inhibitor of BET transcriptional regulators with selectivity for the second bromodomain. The IC50s are 87 μM and 0.51 μM for BD1 and BD2, respectively[1].
Apabetalone (RVX-208) competes with binding of an acetylated histone peptide to tandem BD1 BD2 protein constructs of the four BET proteins, with IC50s between 0.5 and 1.8 µM. Apabetalone increases the production of ApoA-I in hepatocytes in vitro, which results in increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Apabetalone selectively binds to bromodomains of the BET (Bromodomain and Extra Terminal) family, competing for a site bound by the endogenous ligand, acetylated lysine, and that this accounts for its pharmacological activity. Apabetalone increases Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) production through an epigenetic mechanism and suggests that BET inhibition may be a promising new approach to the treatment of atherosclerosis. Apabetalone increases ApoA-I expression in liver cells[2].
In the atherosclerosis prophylactic treatment study design, mice are fed a Western diet concurrent with the treatment with 150 mg/kg/dose b.i.d. for 12 weeks. Mice are sacrificed at 12 weeks after treatment. There is a progressive increase in body weight in both the vehicle treated as well as the Apabetalone (RVX-208) treated groups. However, there is only an increase of 4 g (from 24 g to 28 g) body weight after 12 weeks on Western diet in the Apabetalone treated group whereas this increase is found to be 9 g (25 g-34 g) in the vehicle treated group. The significant decrease in body weight gain in Apabetalone treated mice is not due to decreased feed consumption, suggesting a positive attribute of the molecule. Plasma lipid measurements are done at 6 weeks and 12 weeks of treatment with either the vehicle or Apabetalone. Compared to the vehicle control animals, Apabetalone treated mice show significant increase (~200%) in the levels of HDL-C at 6 weeks of treatment, which is sustained until end of the study (12 weeks)[3].

Reference

[1]. Picaud S, et al. RVX-208, an inhibitor of BET transcriptional regulators with selectivity for the second bromodomain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Dec 3;110(49):19754-9.
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[2]. McLure KG, et al. RVX-208, an inducer of ApoA-I in humans, is a BET bromodomain antagonist. PLoS One. 2013 Dec 31;8(12):e83190.
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[3]. Jahagirdar R, et al. A novel BET bromodomain inhibitor, RVX-208, shows reduction of atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic ApoE deficient mice. Atherosclerosis. 2014 Sep;236(1):91-100.
 [Content Brief]