For research use only. Not for therapeutic Use.
Avacopan (CCX168) is a potent, selective and orally available complement 5a receptor (C5aR) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.1 nM.
CCX168 displaces [125I]-C5a binding to C5aR on a human myeloid cell line (U937) with a potency (IC50) of 0.1 nM. CCX168 inhibits C5a-mediated chemotaxis of U937 cells with a potency (the concentration of CCX168 that produces a 2-fold right-shift in C5a activity) of 0.2 nM. CCX168 competitively and selectively blocked C5a-induced calcium mobilization in purified human neutrophils, with an IC50 value of 0.2 nM. CCX168 inhibited C5a-induced release of reactive-oxygen species from isolated neutrophils, and is able to completely block respiratory burst in these neutrophils[1].
CCX168 is shown to be well tolerated across a broad dose range (1 to 100 mg) and it showed dose-dependent pharmacokinetics. An oral dose of 30 mg CCX168 given twice daily blocked the C5a-induced upregulation of CD11b in circulating neutrophils by 94% or greater throughout the entire day, demonstrating essentially complete target coverage. In mice dosed orally with 0.03 mg/kg of CCX168, the resulting plasma CCX168 concentration of 15 nM (8.7 ng/mL) reduces the drop in circulating leukocytes from 53% to 25%. In mice administered 0.3 mg/kg of CCX168, the resulting plasma CCX168 concentration of 75 nM (44 ng/mL) reduces the drop in circulating leukocytes from 53% to only 10% relative to baseline (p<0.05 for CCX168 vs. vehicle control). Oral doses of CCX168 of either 3 or 30 mg/kg completely blocks C5a-induced leukopenia in hC5aR knock-in mice[1].? Oral CCX168, 30 mg/kg daily, reduces the severity of anti-MPO NCGN in hC5aR mice. Glomerular crescents are reduced from 30.4% to 3.3% with CCX168. Urine hematuria, proteinuria, and leukocyturia are reduced in mice receiving CCX168, 30 mg/kg per day. The protection by CCX168 results in reduced crescents and necrosis[2].
| Catalog Number | I046351 |
| CAS Number | 1346623-17-3 |
| Synonyms | (2R,3S)-2-[4-(cyclopentylamino)phenyl]-1-(2-fluoro-6-methylbenzoyl)-N-[4-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperidine-3-carboxamide |
| Molecular Formula | C33H35F4N3O2 |
| Purity | ≥95% |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C33H35F4N3O2/c1-20-12-15-25(19-27(20)33(35,36)37)39-31(41)26-10-6-18-40(32(42)29-21(2)7-5-11-28(29)34)30(26)22-13-16-24(17-14-22)38-23-8-3-4-9-23/h5,7,11-17,19,23,26,30,38H,3-4,6,8-10,18H2,1-2H3,(H,39,41)/t26-,30-/m0/s1 |
| InChIKey | PUKBOVABABRILL-YZNIXAGQSA-N |
| SMILES | CC1=C(C(=CC=C1)F)C(=O)N2CCCC(C2C3=CC=C(C=C3)NC4CCCC4)C(=O)NC5=CC(=C(C=C5)C)C(F)(F)F |
| Reference | [1]. Bekker P, et al. Characterization of Pharmacologic and Pharmacokinetic Properties of CCX168, a Potent and Selective Orally Administered Complement 5a Receptor Inhibitor, Based on Preclinical Evaluation and Randomized Phase 1 Clinical Study. PLoS One. 2016 Oct 21;11(10):e0164646. [2]. Xiao H, et al. C5a receptor (CD88) blockade protects against MPO-ANCA GN. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 Feb;25(2):225-31. |
