Galidesivir 2HCl

• CAT Number: I027909
• CAS Number: 1373208-51-5
• Molecular Formula: C11H17Cl2N5O3
• Molecular Weight: 338.189
• Purity: 98%
• Synonyms: Galidesivir; BCX4430; BCX 4430; BCX-4430; Immucillin-A; Immucillin A; Galidesivir 2HCl; Galidesivir HCl
• Solubility: Soluble in DMSO
• Appearance: Solid powder
• Storage: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
• IUPAC Name: (2S,3S,4R,5R)-2-(4-amino-5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-3,4-diol dihydrochloride
• InChI: InChI=1S/C11H15N5O3.2ClH/c12-11-8-6(14-3-15-11)4(1-13-8)7-10(19)9(18)5(2-17)16-7;;/h1,3,5,7,9-10,13,16-19H,2H2,(H2,12,14,15);2*1H/t5-,7+,9-,10+;;/m1../s1
• InChIKey: LOHGEHBUEDUIRK-PUSSMWDMSA-N
• SMILES: NC1=NC=NC2=C1NC=C2[C@@H]3N[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O.Cl.Cl

Galidesivir is a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) inhibitor and broad spectrum antiviral nucleotide. In vitro, galidesivir displays antiviral activity against a range of RNA viruses, including bunyaviruses, arenaviruses, paramyxoviruses, coronaviruses, and flaviviruses (EC50 values range from 3 μM to >100 μM). Galidesivir protects against Ebola and Marburg viral infection in animal models.

Reference

1: Gibbons JS, Khadka S, Williams CG, Wang L, Schneller SW, Liu C, Tufariello JM, Basler CF. Mechanisms of anti-vesicular stomatitis virus activity of deazaneplanocin and its 3-brominated analogs. Antiviral Res. 2021 Jul;191:105088. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2021.105088. Epub 2021 May 19. PMID: 34019950.
2: Ramirez S, Fernandez-Antunez C, Galli A, Underwood A, Pham LV, Ryberg LA, Feng S, Pedersen MS, Mikkelsen LS, Belouzard S, Dubuisson J, Sølund C, Weis N, Gottwein JM, Fahnøe U, Bukh J. Overcoming Culture Restriction for SARS-CoV-2 in Human Cells Facilitates the Screening of Compounds Inhibiting Viral Replication. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2021 Jun 17;65(7):e0009721. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00097-21. Epub 2021 Jun 17. PMID: 33903110.
3: Taher M, Tik N, Susanti D. Drugs intervention study in COVID-19 management. Drug Metab Pers Ther. 2021 Apr 5. doi: 10.1515/dmdi-2020-0173. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33818031.
4: De Fenza M, Esposito A, D’Alonzo D, Guaragna A. Synthesis of Piperidine Nucleosides as Conformationally Restricted Immucillin Mimics. Molecules. 2021 Mar 16;26(6):1652. doi: 10.3390/molecules26061652. PMID: 33809603; PMCID: PMC8001838.
5: Udofia IA, Gbayo KO, Oloba-Whenu OA, Ogunbayo TB, Isanbor C. In silico studies of selected multi-drug targeting against 3CLpro and nsp12 RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. Netw Model Anal Health Inform Bioinform. 2021;10(1):22. doi: 10.1007/s13721-021-00299-2. Epub 2021 Mar 25. PMID: 33786291; PMCID: PMC7992627.
6: Celik I, Erol M, Duzgun Z. In silico evaluation of potential inhibitory activity of remdesivir, favipiravir, ribavirin and galidesivir active forms on SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerase. Mol Divers. 2021 Mar 25:1–14. doi: 10.1007/s11030-021-10215-5. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33765239; PMCID: PMC7992164.
7: Hasan MK, Kamruzzaman M, Bin Manjur OH, Mahmud A, Hussain N, Alam Mondal MS, Hosen MI, Bello M, Rahman A. Structural analogues of existing anti-viral drugs inhibit SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase: A computational hierarchical investigation. Heliyon. 2021 Mar;7(3):e06435. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06435. Epub 2021 Mar 5. PMID: 33693066; PMCID: PMC7934700.
8: Koulgi S, Jani V, V N MU, Sonavane U, Joshi R. Structural insight into the binding interactions of NTPs and nucleotide analogues to RNA dependent RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2021 Mar 8:1-15. doi: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1894985. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33682633.
9: Apaydın ÇB, Çınar G, Cihan-Üstündağ G. Small-molecule antiviral agents in ongoing clinical trials for COVID-19. Curr Drug Targets. 2021 Feb 14. doi: 10.2174/1389450122666210215112150. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33588727.
10: Noor R. Antiviral drugs against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection triggering the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic. Tzu Chi Med J. 2020 Aug 25;33(1):7-12. doi: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_100_20. PMID: 33505872; PMCID: PMC7821824.
11: Mishra A, Rathore AS. RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) as a drug target for SARS-CoV2. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2021 Jan 25:1-13. doi: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1875886. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33491569; PMCID: PMC7852292.
12: Jena NR . Role of different tautomers in the base-pairing abilities of some of the vital antiviral drugs used against COVID-19. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2020 Dec 23;22(48):28115-28122. doi: 10.1039/d0cp05297c. PMID: 33290476.
13: Roy Chattopadhyay N, Chatterjee K, Banerjee A, Choudhuri T. Combinatorial therapeutic trial plans for COVID-19 treatment armed up with antiviral, antiparasitic, cell-entry inhibitor, and immune-boosters. Virusdisease. 2020 Nov 11;31(4):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s13337-020-00631-w. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33200085; PMCID: PMC7657379.
14: Alshaeri HK, Natto ZS. A contemporary look at COVID-19 medications: available and potentially effective drugs. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2020 Sep;24(17):9188-9195. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202009_22870. PMID: 32965013.
15: Elfiky AA. Corrigendum to "Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Sofosbuvir, Galidesivir, and Tenofovir against SARSCoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp): A molecular docking study" [Life Sci. 253 (2020) 117592]. Life Sci. 2020 Oct 1;258:118350. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118350. Epub 2020 Aug 28. Erratum for: Life Sci. 2020 Jul 15;253:117592. PMID: 32863005; PMCID: PMC7957227.
16: Kumar N, Awasthi A, Kumari A, Sood D, Jain P, Singh T, Sharma N, Grover A, Chandra R. Antitussive noscapine and antiviral drug conjugates as arsenal against COVID-19: a comprehensive chemoinformatics analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2020 Aug 20:1-16. doi: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1808072. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32815796; PMCID: PMC7484584.
17: Silva Arouche TD, Reis AF, Martins AY, S Costa JF, Carvalho Junior RN, J C Neto AM. Interactions Between Remdesivir, Ribavirin, Favipiravir, Galidesivir, Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine with Fragment Molecular of the COVID-19 Main Protease with Inhibitor N3 Complex (PDB ID:6LU7) Using Molecular Docking. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2020 Dec 1;20(12):7311-7323. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2020.18955. PMID: 32711596.
18: Aftab SO, Ghouri MZ, Masood MU, Haider Z, Khan Z, Ahmad A, Munawar N. Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase as a potential therapeutic drug target using a computational approach. J Transl Med. 2020 Jul 7;18(1):275. doi: 10.1186/s12967-020-02439-0. PMID: 32635935; PMCID: PMC7339606.
19: Keni R, Alexander A, Nayak PG, Mudgal J, Nandakumar K. COVID-19: Emergence, Spread, Possible Treatments, and Global Burden. Front Public Health. 2020 May 28;8:216. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00216. PMID: 32574299; PMCID: PMC7270802.
20: Lim SY, Osuna CE, Best K, Taylor R, Chen E, Yoon G, Kublin JL, Schalk D, Schultz-Darken N, Capuano S, Safronetz D, Luo M, MacLennan S, Mathis A, Babu YS, Sheridan WP, Perelson AS, Whitney JB. A direct-acting antiviral drug abrogates viremia in Zika virus-infected rhesus macaques. Sci Transl Med. 2020 Jun 10;12(547):eaau9135. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau9135. PMID: 32522808; PMCID: PMC7370316.