Ginsenoside Rk3

• CAT Number: I003345
• CAS Number: 364779-15-7
• Molecular Formula: C36H60O8
• Molecular Weight: 620.86
• Purity: ≥95%
• Synonyms: (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(3S,5R,6S,8R,9R,10R,12R,13R,14R,17S)-3,12-dihydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-17-(6-methylhepta-1,5-dien-2-yl)-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
• InChI: InChI=1S/C36H60O8/c1-19(2)10-9-11-20(3)21-12-15-35(7)27(21)22(38)16-25-34(6)14-13-26(39)33(4,5)31(34)23(17-36(25,35)8)43-32-30(42)29(41)28(40)24(18-37)44-32/h10,21-32,37-42H,3,9,11-18H2,1-2,4-8H3/t21-,22-,23+,24-,25-,26+,27+,28-,29+,30-,31+,32-,34-,35-,36-/m1/s1
• InChIKey: AVXFIVJSCUOFNT-QXPABTKOSA-N
• SMILES: CC(=CCCC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C(CC3C2(CC(C4C3(CCC(C4(C)C)O)C)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)O)C)C

Ginsenoside Rk3 is present in the roots Panax ginseng herbs. Ginsenoside Rk3 significantly inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity, with an IC50 of 14.24±1.30 μM in HepG2 cells.
Ginsenoside Rk3 exerts the strong activity inhibiting NF-κB in a dose-dependent manner. HepG2 cells are pre-treated with different ginsenosides at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 10 μM for 1 h, and induced with TNF-α for 20 h. Ginsenoside Rk3 significantly inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity, with an IC50 of 14.24±1.30 μM. Ginsenoside Rk3 significantly inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity, with an IC50 of 15.32±0.29 μM in SK-Hep1 cells, consistent with the data from HepG2 cells. Consistent with the inhibition of NF-κB, Ginsenoside Rk3 inhibits the induction of IL8, CXCL1, iNOS, and ICAM1 mRNA significantly in a dose-dependent manner[1].
The inhibitory effects of Ginsenoside Rk3 (Rk3) on tumor progression are studied in vivo using a H460 xenograft model in nude mice. Compared with the control group, a significant inhibition of tumor growth (volume) is observed in the Ginsenoside Rk3-treated group. Twenty-one days after treatment initiation, tumor growth is significantly inhibited by approximately 62.99% in the mice receiving 20 mg/kg Ginsenoside Rk3, similar to the inhibitory effect observed in the 20 mg/kg Gefitinib-treated group (57.21%). Compared with the control group, tumor growth is moderately inhibited in the mice receiving 10 and 5 mg/kg Ginsenoside Rk3, with inhibition rates of 32.54% and 11.84%, respectively[2].

Reference

[1]. Cho K, et al. Inhibition of TNF-α-Mediated NF-κB Transcriptional Activity by Dammarane-Type Ginsenosidesfrom Steamed Flower Buds of Panax ginseng in HepG2 and SK-Hep1 Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2014 Jan;22(1):55-61.
 [Content Brief]

[2]. Duan Z, et al. Anticancer effects of ginsenoside Rk3 on non-small cell lung cancer cells: in vitro and in vivo. Food Funct. 2017 Oct 18;8(10):3723-3736.
 [Content Brief]