GLP-1(28-36)amide

• CAT Number: I044240
• CAS Number: 1225021-13-5
• Molecular Formula: C54H85N15O9
• Molecular Weight: 1088.35
• Purity: ≥95%
• Synonyms: (2S)-6-amino-N-[2-[[(2S)-1-amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]hexanamide
• InChI: InChI=1S/C54H85N15O9/c1-8-32(6)45(69-48(73)37(56)26-34-17-10-9-11-18-34)53(78)63-33(7)47(72)66-42(27-35-28-61-38-20-13-12-19-36(35)38)50(75)67-41(25-30(2)3)51(76)68-44(31(4)5)52(77)65-40(21-14-15-23-55)49(74)62-29-43(70)64-39(46(57)71)22-16-24-60-54(58)59/h9-13,17-20,28,30-33,37,39-42,44-45,61H,8,14-16,21-27,29,55-56H2,1-7H3,(H2,57,71)(H,62,74)(H,63,78)(H,64,70)(H,65,77)(H,66,72)(H,67,75)(H,68,76)(H,69,73)(H4,58,59,60)/t32-,33-,37-,39-,40-,41-,42-,44-,45-/m0/s1
• InChIKey: AYAZRBWYYBZITR-MJCVNZGZSA-N
• SMILES: CCC(C)C(C(=O)NC(C)C(=O)NC(CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N)NC(=O)C(CC3=CC=CC=C3)N

GLP-1(28-36)amide, a C-terminal nonapeptide of GLP-1, is a major product derived from the cleavage of GLP-1 by the neutral endopeptidase (NEP). GLP-1(28-36)amide is an antioxidant and targets to mitochondrion, inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). GLP-1(28-36)amide has anti-diabetic and cardioprotection effects[1].
Different from DPP-IV, NEP, which cleaves GLP-1(7-36)amide or GLP-1(9-36)amide to generate GLP-1(28-36)amide, is widely distributed in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, cardiac cells and renal epithelial cells[1].
GLP-1(28-36)amide (100 nM) treatment on hepatocytes for 24 hours directly modulates mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, such as gluconeogenesis in mitochondria of hepatocytes[1].
The plasma half-life of GLP-1(28-36)amide is longer in human hepatocytes (t1/2 = 24 min) than that in mouse hepatocytes (t1/2 = 13 min)[1].
The administration of GLP-1(28-36)amide at a rate of 18.5 nmol/kg BW/day for 9 weeks to diet-induced obese mice diminishes the development of hepatic steatosis[1].
The intraperitoneal injection of 18 nmol/kg GLP-1(28-36)amide once daily for 9 weeks show cytoprotective effect on pancreatic β cells by increasing mass and promoting proliferation in a β-cell injury diabetic mouse model[1].
An in vivo study in high-fat diet-fed mice indicates that a six-week administration of 18.5 nmol/kg GLP-1(28-36)amide improved hepatic glucose disposal, which is associated with increased cAMP levels and phosphorylation of PKA target[1].
Administered GLP-1(28-36)amide for 20 min to male C57BL6/J mice (10-12 week old), then isolated hearts underwent 30 min of global ischemia and 40 min of reperfusion, the recovery of left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) is significantly greater in GLP-1(28-36)amide group compared to vehicle-treated hearts[1].

Reference

[1]. Bilan Zhou, et al. GLP-1(28-36)amide, a Long Ignored Peptide Revisited. Open Biochem J. 2014 Dec 31;8:107-11.
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