For research use only. Not for therapeutic Use.
Gracillin is a steroidal saponin that can be extracted from the roots of the plant and has anti-tumor properties. Gracillin can induce cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy[1][2].
Gracillin (0-10 μM, 6-24 h) shows broad-spectrum inhibitory effects on the cancer cell viability[1].
Gracillin (5 μM) disrupts mitochondrial function, specifically, inhibits ATP production, activates AMPK, inhibits oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in H460 and A549 cells[1].
Gracillin (0-10 μM, 6 h) induces ROS generation (indicated by H2DCF-DA) in H460, H1299, H226B and A549 cells[1].
Gracillin (0-4 μM, 24 h) blocks cell cycle in G1 phase, and induces apoptosis and autophagy in A549 cells[2][3].
Gracillin (oral gavage, 10 mg/kg for xenografts and 20 mg/kg for PDX) inhibits tumor growth of xenograft tumors inoculating lung (H1299), prostate (DU145), and colorectum (HCT116) cancer cells, as well as patient-derived xenograft colon and lung tumors[1].
| Catalog Number | I002448 |
| CAS Number | 19083-00-2 |
| Synonyms | (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[(1S,2S,4S,5’R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5′,7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2′-oxane]-16-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol |
| Molecular Formula | C45H72O17 |
| Purity | ≥95% |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C45H72O17/c1-19-8-13-45(55-18-19)20(2)30-27(62-45)15-26-24-7-6-22-14-23(9-11-43(22,4)25(24)10-12-44(26,30)5)57-42-39(61-40-36(53)34(51)31(48)21(3)56-40)38(33(50)29(17-47)59-42)60-41-37(54)35(52)32(49)28(16-46)58-41/h6,19-21,23-42,46-54H,7-18H2,1-5H3/t19-,20+,21+,23+,24-,25+,26+,27+,28-,29-,30+,31+,32-,33-,34-,35+,36-,37-,38+,39-,40+,41+,42-,43+,44+,45-/m1/s1 |
| InChIKey | YQEMAEKYNNOCBY-IEMDQPGHSA-N |
| SMILES | CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1 |
| Reference | [1]. Min HY, et al. The natural compound gracillin exerts potent antitumor activity by targeting mitochondrial complex II. Cell Death Dis. 2019 Oct 24;10(11):810. [2]. Yang J, et al. Gracillin Isolated from Reineckia carnea Induces Apoptosis of A549 Cells via the Mitochondrial Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2021 Jan 20;15:233-243. [3]. Li Y, et al. Gracillin Shows Potential Efficacy Against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Through Inhibiting the mTOR Pathway. Front Oncol. 2022 Mar 22;12:851300. |
